狼厅

I read New Yorker’s profile of Hilary Mantel in 2012 after she became the first female writer to win two Man Booker Prize. I was very intrigued by Mantel then, and put “Wolf Hall” on my to-read list. But never got around to do so.http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/10/15/the-dead-are-realBBC’s 6 episode “Wolf Hall” mini TV series got lots of praise. It is said that the screenwriter adapted Mantel’s work very nicely and captured the essence of the book.I fell in love with it after watching Episode one.The custom, setting, lighting were so well done, every frame looked like a painting. The acting was marvelous as well. Even though most of them were not familiar to the US audience. But supposedly all of the main characters were seasoned stage actors in England, and it showed.See the album link below for some interesting comparison between the actors in the TV series and their actual portrait from the 16th century. Mostly by Hans Holbein the Younger, who was the official painter for the court of Henry VIII.http://www.douban.com/photos/album/155586258/Apparently the soundtrack of the TV series was also a hit in Britain. Too early to tell how it will fair in the US. I myself really loved the music.http://music.163.com/#/album?id=3111229The Guardian had episode by episode explanation of the story line, it was very helpful for people who is not familiar with the Tudor history (such as myself), which was pretty complicated. http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/series/wolf-hall-episode-by-episode

原文链接：http://www.wsj.com/articles/wolf-hall-viewers-flock-to-the-soundtrack-1428606881标题：Wolf Hall’ Viewers Flock to the SoundtrackThe broadcast of ‘Wolf Hall’ has brought interest in the soundtrack, which includes contemporary and early musicTelevision soundtrack music often fades from memory as fast as remotes can switch channels, but something different happened with the British miniseries “Wolf Hall.”Based on the Booker Prize-winning novels of Hilary Mantel and being broadcast on PBS Masterpiece, the series tells the story of the Tudors, the ill-fated Anne Boleyn and, most important, the royal adviser Thomas Cromwell.Behind the dynastic drama are two distinct musical backdrops, both of which are garnering attention for a type of music usually enjoyed by a niche classical audience. There’s a modern soundtrack, written by British composer Debbie Wiseman, and period music from the late 15th and early 16th century, sourced and arranged by Claire van Kampen. Neither was involved with the Broadway adaptation.In Britain, BBC2 aired the final episode of the miniseries in late February; by late March, Ms. Wiseman’s soundtrack topped the U.K.’s Classic FM chart. Most recently, it was No. 6. The album has so far sold an unexpected 2,100 copies, more than double the initial order, said a spokesman for the record label Silva Screen. A “Wolf Hall” soundtrack album of Tudor music on VIA Records, which is distributed by Naxos, became available for preorder on Wednesday in advance of a June 9 release. It’s too early to tell if American viewers will similarly focus on the music: The miniseries began airing last Sunday.This is Ms. Wiseman’s sixth collaboration with “Wolf Hall” director Peter Kosminsky. A conductor and noted film composer in the U.K., she has scored several hundred movies and television shows, including the BBC war drama “Warriors” and the 1994 film “Tom & Viv,” about T.S. Eliot and his first wife.For her “Wolf Hall” score, Ms. Wiseman says that “we decided it shouldn’t sound like a pastiche of Tudor music. There’s no sense of looking at [the characters] through some stained-glass window.” In lieu of the lush, orchestral sound often found in film, Ms. Wiseman wrote music that was performed by an ensemble of roughly a dozen musicians. They play both modern instruments and historical ones, including the theorbo, a lutelike instrument, and the vielle, a type of medieval violin. The strong response to the music on social media and from fans “has been unlike anything I’ve experienced in my career,” says Ms. Wiseman.Mr. Kosminsky felt it was important that the series’s soundscape feel contemporary. “For me, one of the triumphs of Hilary’s extraordinary books is the way they make a story set 500 years ago feel immediate, current,” Mr. Kosminsky says. For music apparently being played by on-screen musicians, “we opted for pieces that were very strictly accurate to period,” he says.Ms. van Kampen—a composer, playwright, director and music historian— turned to her considerable knowledge of the period. She works at Shakespeare’s Globe in London. Recently, she scored Broadway productions of “Twelfth Night” and “ Richard III,” both using authentic Elizabethan music and period instruments like the sackbut and hurdy-gurdy. The Broadway audience “had never seen anything like that,” says Ms. van Kampen“Henry the VIII’s period is extraordinary, because it’s when everything changes in music,” she adds. Before the Reformation, music was focused on the religious world, but afterward became part of secular society. “Henry adored music, and was an excellent dancer and singer and wrote music himself,” she says.The music is authentic, says Ms. van Kampen, to the extent that is knowable. “I did faithfully try to use the music [Henry] would have heard as much as I could,” she says. For example, in “Wolf Hall” the vocal work “Te Deum,” by 16th-century composer John Taverner, is played for Anne Boleyn’s coronation in “Wolf Hall,” because Ms. van Kampen’s research found that it was likely played in Westminster Abbey on that date.Even the filming process had aspects of the authentic. “The musicians were filmed live playing in the gallery where Henry actually walked with Anne Boleyn,” says Ms. van Kampen. “We all had goosebumps.”<图片1><图片2><图片3><图片4>中世纪乐器和现代乐器结合。

第一集还有演员拿着lutelike，soundtrack里也有lutelike的演奏。

原文段落：Ms. Wiseman wrote music that was performed by an ensemble of roughly a dozen musicians. They play both modern instruments and historical ones, including the theorbo, a lutelike instrument, and the vielle, a type of medieval violin.

狼厅 Wolf Hall2015年播出的经典英剧 古装剧甜饼字幕组.中英双语特效字幕.倾情奉献！

新浪微博 http://weibo.com/cookiesub#狼厅#改编自英国女作家希拉里·曼特尔的长篇历史小说《狼厅》讲述了亨利八世统治下的都铎王朝宫廷权斗的故事。

该小说获得2009年度布克奖。

托马斯.克伦威尔，BlackSmith's son,Low Born,身背年少受虐，妻女病亡的负重，寄身心于大主教沃尔西的麾下，然而主教大人无法帮助亨利八世从无子的婚姻中解脱，政敌们将他置于死地，克伦威尔减缓了沃尔西的悲剧，但不能阻止大主教走向末路。

为了生存，为了复仇，克伦威尔和野心勃勃的安妮.博林暂时结盟，他团结岛内的宗教力量对抗教皇，使亨利成为英伦教会的首领，从而宣布其与西班牙公主凯瑟琳的婚姻无效。

结果是，安妮.博林成为亨利的第二任皇后，克伦威尔成为枢密院首。

然而，亨利的无子噩梦仍在延续，安妮.博林也不能为其诞下皇子，她的苟且和不忠加速了亨利对他的厌烦，后者正被纯洁的西摩小姐所吸引。

克伦威尔抓住时机，扳倒安妮.博林，连同当初对沃尔西下手的博林家族。

反复无常的亨利对服帖能干的克伦威尔张开双臂，但克伦威尔浑身颤抖...

一、喜新厌旧的亨利八世今年，在读有关克伦威尔的小说《狼厅》。

这本小说，拿过布克奖。

实话说，作者的闪回式碎片写作，加上略晦涩的翻译得略难懂。

冲着戴米恩的亨利八世去的。

戴米恩在《国土安全》、《亿万》里，演的都是大男主，精明强干，十分有人格魅力。

但是，这部剧里，戴米恩完全就是个工具人，沦落为里朗斯的陪衬。

港真，戴米恩，真的，不适合演风流倜傥的花花公子。

他是那种，哪天爆出来桃色新闻，你第一反应一定是：“啥？

不可能！

他对美色完全不感冒。

”或者是“啥？

还有能破他金身的人？

我倒要看看，是哪个美女，这么牛。

”他身上有那种“终日只顾打熬气力，不以这女色为念”的豪雄调调。

所以，他演亨利八，特别没有说服力。

毕竟，亨利八世是个负心汉，他的宫闱秘闻养活的文人，不知凡几、若恒河沙数。

二、权斗高手亨利八世这部剧，虽然以克伦威尔为主线，但我想写亨利八世。

一则，我最近在读另一本克伦威尔的传记，打算把对克伦威尔的看法放在那篇读书笔记里。

二则，亨利八世，这个人，实在值得大书特书。

先说结论：此君，真雄主也！

我一向对宫闱秘闻没啥兴趣，对亨利八、克伦威尔的私生活也不咋关注。

虽然，亨利八世声望不佳，但从功业上看，他是英帝国的奠基人，无疑了。

亨利八世，跟唐高宗李治的路数有点像。

不是长子，不是王位第一继承人。

看起来，也不是那么靠谱。

但，就是这么不靠谱的人，总能干出罔顾世俗人伦的大事件。

李治，力排众议，娶了自己爸爸的后妃。

亨利八世，力排众议，休妻、杀妻、停妻再娶，这种事情，干了不知道多少回。

亨利八世，面临的问题与李治类似，就是父亲给自己留下一个王朝的同时，也留下了一个勋贵集团。

王朝想要发展，就要削藩王、清勋贵。

王权与贵族群体之间有着不可调和的矛盾，这是主要矛盾，宫闱秘闻，那都是边边角角的花絮。

孰轻孰重，一望便知。

他要进一步巩固王权，就必须要起用克伦威尔这样的寒门士子，同时，拿婚姻问题大作文章，解除外患。

第二任王后，安·博林及其家族，主要功能跟武则天及其家族的作用一模一样，就是用来抗衡贵族。

坏事让克伦威尔、安·博林家族做，自己坐享其成。

一旦这些工具人完成了历史使命，立刻换掉。

所以，在亨利八世一朝，他回收了教会的税源，对勋贵阶层进行了一轮又一轮的大清洗。

无非，就是确立了王权的集中地位，同时，让新生代、少壮派迅速崛起。

当然，大清洗必定带来人心动荡。

但亨利首开了先例，给英帝国的崛起奠定了钱脉、权脉的基础，打通了下层寒门上升通道。

这不是雄主，是什么？

随着与西班牙关系的恶化，亨利八世对于自己的婚姻问题日益不满。

到1527年，他的王后阿拉贡的凯瑟琳已年逾40，只有一个女儿玛丽而无男嗣，都铎王朝的王统面临断绝的危险。

这时亨利八世爱上了在法国宫廷受过教育，倾向宗教改革的贵妇安娜?波琳，便决心离婚再娶。

按教会法规，国王的婚姻问题必须由罗马教皇批准，方为合法，亨利八世便向罗马教皇克雷芒七世提出请求。

但教皇此时完全受制于查理五世，阿拉贡的凯瑟琳是查理五世的姨母，所以教皇使用各种手段，拒不批准亨利八世的离婚。

国内的旧贵族和教会人士也对离婚案持反对态度。

指靠罗马教廷和教俗旧贵族解决这个问题，显已全然无望。

在此关头，亨利八世毅然改弦易辙，转向全国要求改革的乡绅与资产阶级等阶层寻求支持，于1529年10月罢免了民愤极大的沃尔西，并在11月召开议会，开始实行宗教改革。

　　 　　　　宗教改革引起了国内外反改革势力的强烈反对。

教皇将亨利八世开除教籍，神圣罗马帝国威胁要入侵和断绝贸易。

亨利八世审时度势，依靠全国民族情绪和新兴资产阶级力量的支持，进行强硬反击。

他宣称:“那怕教皇开除教籍一万次，我也不在乎。

我要向所有的国王证明，教皇的力量是多么微不足道。

”“西班牙人要是来的话，就别想回了。

”“弗兰德尔若没有英国贸易，就只有垮台。

”他利用法国与西班牙的矛盾，在一些问题上取得法国国王支持，并与一些信奉路德教的德意志诸侯结盟。

亨利八世在国内加强镇压，1534年议会通过“叛逆法”，规定凡是用言论、文字、行动诬蔑国王为异端、裂教者、暴君等恶名者，不承认国王是教会首领者，否认国王婚姻合法者，均为叛逆，罪当处死。

依此法案，杀掉了一大批反改革的教士，托马斯?莫尔也因不承认议会有权进行宗教改革，而被处死。

但同时，一些信仰各种改革教派的人，也作为“异端”被处火刑。

　　　　随着宗教改革运动的深入，巩固国家统一成为迫切的问题。

当时封建旧贵族在靠近苏格兰的北部地区，威尔士和西部边区及爱尔兰的英占区，仍有着强大的割据势力。

他们勾结教皇与西班牙反对改革，阴谋暴乱。

1536—1537年北方的旧贵族和教会势力利用农民的不满，掀起了名为“求恩巡礼”的叛乱，向南进军，要求取消一切改革，并惩办改革派。

亨利八世依靠改革派广大群众的支持，坚决镇压，杀掉废掉了一批北方旧贵族，成立由改革派主持的“北方法院”进行统治。

在威尔士和西部边区，则成立了由改革派主持的“威尔士边区法院”，惩办了大批不法的旧贵族，推行英国的行政司法制度。

议会于1536年和1543年通过法案，把威尔士正式并入英国。

由于改革派取得的成就，1536年的议会法案规定，国内原有的一切封建特权区必须在国王的名义下治理，实行统一的行政司法制度。

从此，国内的封建割据基本被消灭。

1536—1537年，亨利八世还镇压了爱尔兰英占区旧贵族的反改革叛乱，派改革派人士为代表进行统治，他自己于1541年兼称爱尔兰国王。

1538—1539年，亨利八世以勾结教皇的罪名，杀掉了最后一批约克王朝王族，至此据地自雄的旧贵族基本被清除掉。

　　　　宗教改革运动，尤其是没收大批修道院地产，带来了深刻的社会经济变革。

王室由于财政需求和谋求政治支持，把大批地产转卖或赠送给新贵族和工商业资产阶级，使这些新兴势力发财致富，成为宗教改革的既得利益者。

他们大搞圈地，提高地租，赶走佃户，造成大批农民流离失所，社会秩序动荡不安。

1531年和1536年议会通过法案，用肉刑、奴隶劳动和处死等血腥手段，残酷镇压流浪者。

惩办流浪者、安置劳动力、征救济税、维持治安，管理地方行政司法事务的权力，则交给由乡绅担任的治安法官和教区职员，使他们取代教俗封建主，成为中央在地方上实行统治的工具。

153X年，大明嘉靖年间，皇帝一言九鼎，辅佐他的是史上著名奸臣严嵩，就是用处女给他暖被暖脚的那个。

此时在弹丸小国英格兰，国王亨利8世正为无继承人而烦恼，他与凯瑟琳结婚20年，生产5次，只养活一个玛丽公主（未来的英格兰女王，拥有血腥玛丽之称号），其余均夭折，凯瑟琳已失去生育能力。

玛丽公主和凯瑟琳王后凯瑟琳是西班牙阿拉贡王国的公主，3岁时就许配给英格兰王位继承人亚瑟，1501年结婚，但是5个月后 亚瑟 去世了，他的弟弟成为王位继承人，11岁时，亨利和 17岁的凯瑟琳 订婚，并在 亨利 年满18岁时成婚。

西方国家，男人只能娶一个，但可以有N个情妇，只是她们的后代没有继承权。

亨利想废王后另娶年轻貌美的 诺福克公爵之侄女 安妮-博林，而教廷不同意，此时教皇是 尤利乌斯二世，凯瑟琳的外甥——神圣罗马帝国皇帝查理五世 。

在离婚法庭上，有人污蔑王后非完璧， 凯瑟琳 当众辩称，自己虽然与 亚瑟 结婚5个月，但仍然是处女，并声称 亨利 行房时已经判定，随后羞愤离去。

亨利权力真的不大，莫尔这个赤裸裸的卖国贼，都无法立即揪出午门斩首，或者金瓜击脑。

非得开法庭，让这家伙在众多看客面前发布反动言论，最离谱的是，竟然有刁民在法庭上念出国王器小活差的故事，引发观众哄堂大笑。

最终 亨利 通过强行修宪的方法，与教廷决裂， 1534年，亨利和议会通过了《至尊法案》、《继承法》、《叛国法》等法案，建立英国国教 ，任命自己为英格兰宗教领袖，随后流放凯瑟琳，娶了安妮-博林。

Anne这角色演得好，人长得漂亮白净就不多提了，这强大气场，这快捷语速，这坚毅目光，将急于上位的心情体现得淋漓尽致，可惜她也多次流产，应该是穿着不当，贵族男人们都是穿厚皮草，而妇女们都是露出上半身，让半球，明显受凉了。

贵族妇女的日常：组团绣花这帮贵族妇女，每天就是围坐一起绣花，没有麻将的生活真枯燥。

Anne也太不检点了，竟然主动给国王带了无数个绿帽子，失败在所难免，你唯一的依靠和成功之路，就是不断和国王交配，密切注意保胎。

克伦威尔则全程苦大仇深脸，谈不上什么演技。

亨利8世 一共娶了6位王后，第一部娶了2位。

后来他娶了 珍·西摩 ， 诞下一子，是为爱德华（未来的爱德华六世） 。

狼厅，应该就是指 西摩 家族的住宅。

珍·西摩 生下 爱德华 后2周去世，在克伦威尔的牵线下，亨利娶了 德意志克里维斯公国的安妮 ，但是2人关系不好，新婚之夜没有圆房，然后离婚娶了 安妮的侍女凯瑟琳-霍华德 ，为此砍了克伦威尔的头。

但是有人举报 凯瑟琳-霍华德 不是处女，于是奸夫和 凯瑟琳 均被砍头。

（是时候引入太监这个伟大的制度了）最后亨利又娶了一位凯瑟琳，31岁的 凯瑟琳·帕尔 ，曾经结婚2次。

这个女子一直陪伴亨利到他死去。

亨利 留下的著名文学作品：《Green sleeves》 ，绿袖子 Alas my love,you do me wrongTo cast me offdiscourteouslyFor I have lovedyou all so longDelighting inyour companyGreensleeves wasall my joyGreensleeves wasmy delightGreensleeves wasmy heart of goldAnd who but myLady GreensleevesI have beenready at your handTo grantwhatever you would craveI have bothwaged life and landYour love andgood will for to haveThou couldstdesire no earthly thingBut still thouhadst it readilyThy music stillto play and singAnd yet thouwouldst not love meGreensleeves nowfarewell adieuGod I pray to prospertheeFor I am stillthy lover trueCome once againand love me。

他给很多女子写了很多情书，流传下来的不少。

1X02It's December 1529. Cardinal Wolsey has taken refuge at Esher. Anne Boleyn and her uncle, the Duke of Norfolk, want him gone - on the road north, away from the king.Thomas Cromwell, Wolsey's staunch defender, remains in london, seeking the reinstatement of his master.1X03It's 1531. Having failed with the Pope, Henry seeks the power to annul his marriage to Katherine by asking Parliament to declare him Supreme Head of the Church in England.Those loyal to Rome batle against the advancing tide of heresy - chief amongst them the Lord Chancellor, Sir Thomas More.1X05It's 1535. The Act of Supremacy has declared Henry Supreme Head of the Church in England. But the Holy Roman Emperor, and his ambassador Eustache Chapuys, have refused to recognise either his new title or his marriage to Anne Boleyn.Recovering from illness, Cromwell plans the King's Royal Progress to include a visit to Jane Seymour's family home - Wolf Hall.

帧帧都是伦勃朗，英剧的步调和美剧很不同，主演诠释了一位刻板聪明，以卑微的身份而立足于皇室，即使一直被当枪使，却能打出自己的一片天地的牛人。

就是由于表情一直刻板，而使得每个眼神和微表情都是戏，很欣赏这个演员。

不觉得最后突出主角的复仇是在简单化主角，我觉得这正对应了剧里别人对他的信仰的怀疑。

一直贯穿着一些宗教的内容，有人说他是路德派，宗教改革阶段对于人来说肯定充满了各种矛盾。

主角虽没有否认过肯定过任何说法，而且也留存着改革派的圣经，也都读过，看得出很感兴趣，但他的信仰在最后做了交代。

他尊敬的主教，他的上帝，他带着复仇的情绪审判了那些 他觉得背叛了的人。

至于他非常识时务的不对改革派做评价并且感兴趣，那是一个聪明人，在面对命运，面对那个时代最好的选择吧。

Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn pop out for a stroll in ‘Wolf Hall’ (Pic: BBC)This Sunday (April 5), the recent BBC of Hilary Mantel's Wolf Hall and Bring Out the Bodies comes to PBS, starring Mark Rylance and Demian Lewis. It's the story of Thomas Cromwell, a lawyer and former mercenary from a poor background who ended up becoming an advisor first to Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, and then to Henry VIII. And in doing so became one of the most powerful men in England.It's particularly auspicious moment in British history, as Thomas becomes involved in Henry's attempts to legally dissolve his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, woo Anne Boleyn and sire a male heir. And in doing so, create a permanent rift between the English church's break and Rome, which is set against the background of protestant reforms, and leads directly to Henry's dissolution of the monasteries, claiming all the treasures found for this own coffers."Voila! The King of England will be a bachelor."Wolf Hall is a fascinating fictionalized account of a man who historians have often decried as cold, scheming and vicious.So before it all kicks off, here are ten useful snippets of information you may wish to get clear before immersing yourself in all the political shenanigans and dark, candlelit corridors:1. Almost nothing of note happens in a place called Wolf Hall. Actually, Wolfhall (or Wulfhall) is the site of a manor house, home of the Seymour family in Burbage, Wiltshire. The family's daughter Jane would go on to become Henry's third wife.2. Wolf Hall is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Ulfela, an Anglo-Saxon name, and it will have been a small village; a meeting point between several farmsteads. This later became Ulfhall and then Wulfhall. So the Seymour manor house was not named Wolf Hall, it was built in Wolfhall.3. There is a Cromwell family tie to Wolfhall too, as Cromwell's son Gregory later married Elizabeth Seymour, sister of Jane and (like Jane) one of the servants in Anne Boleyn's household.4. The original manor house at Wolfhall was a medieval timber-framed manor house with a long gallery, a 'Little Court', a 'Broad Chamber', a chapel, a kennel for hounds, and a tower (which was pulled down in 1569).5. Henry stayed there in 1535, during his marriage to Anne Boleyn, which may have been when he first began to pitch woo at Jane Seymour.6. He was not the first reigning monarch to use Wolfhall as a staging post. Edward I visited in 1302, on a journey across Wiltshire between Marlborough Castle to Ludgersall Castle.7. Although Thomas Cromwell was instrumental in clearing the way for Henry to marry Anne Boleyn, it was his skill as a match-maker that later caused his fall from grace. Having arranged the marriage between Henry and his fourth wife, the German princess Anne of Cleves, Cromwell was surprised to discover Henry did not take to Anne at all, and in fact had the marriage annuled on the grounds that it had not been consummated. He was later arrested for treason.8. The title of the book, and therefore the TV series, uses the name of the Seymour home as an atmospheric hint that we are in the realm of the Latin expression homo homini lupus, or "Man is wolf to man". In other words, this is a dog-eat-dog world, which Henry at the head of the pack.9. By 1571, the manor house at Wolfhall lay derelict, as the family had moved to nearby Tottenham House, taking some of the materials to build their new home. It was used for servants quarters for a while, and finally demolished in 1723. Some elements did survive into the early 20th century, including a barn which was said to have played host both to a wedding feast for Henry and Jane, and a subsequent feast just for Henry when he revisited after Jane died. But that burned down in the 1920s.10. There was a Victorian railway junction with the name of Wolf Hall, but that's gone now. However, there is still a dairy farm that uses the name转载自10 Little-Known Facts About the Real Wolf HallP.S.From WikipediaEpisodes TitleEpisode 1. "Three Card Trick"Episode 2. "Entirely Beloved"Episode 3. "Anna Regina"Episode 4. "The Devil's Spit"Episode 5. "Crows"Episode 6. "Master of Phantoms"